Globally, 2.2 billion people lack access to safely managed drinking water services, 3.5 billion lack access to safely managed sanitation services, and 1 billion people still practice open defecation. At the same time, climate change is threatening communities’ water supplies and the integrity of existing infrastructure. These realities converge to create a pressing need for new thinking about the planning, design, and financing of the next generation of water and sanitation infrastructure. This talk will examine the global challenge of providing universal access to resilient water and sanitation services with particular attention to Sub-Saharan Africa and how the global community can finance this transition.

Recent assessments of climate change impacts in Sub-Saharan Africa indicate that the continent is already experiencing impacts from rising temperatures, including water shortages, reduced food production, loss of lives and biodiversity loss. There are an increased number of extreme events, from drought, floods and tropical storms, and these events will worsen if global greenhouse gases are not significantly reduced. At the same time, Africa is one of the lowest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, and many countries struggle to manage with the cost of climate change adaptation, while also paying high levels of debt. Alongside these climate challenges are ongoing extractive industries looking to Africa as a new or ongoing source of resources – including mining precious minerals to support renewable alternatives to fossil fuels. Despite this bleak picture, alternative models that are transformative and reparative are emerging as ways to imagine just climate futures in Africa. These alternatives include attention to multiple types of social inequities and building development strategies through dialogue and careful attention to power dynamics. Adaptation approaches that support decent livelihoods alongside biodiversity, ecosystems and indigenous knowledge are being tested and expanded. Recognition of power inequities at multiple scales and reparation of these inequities is part of such approaches.